다변량 분석을 이용한 키위 유전자원의 특성 평가

Abstract

This study was carried out to evaluate the horticultural characteristics of kiwifruit genetic resources (Actinidia spp.) conserved in Korea to identify the useful traits for the selection of a genetic resource, to classify genetic resources by traits, and to use the genetic resources in a breeding program. In the experiment, traits of 28 kiwifruit germplasms were investigated and fruit characteristics after ripening were analyzed. As the results of the characterization of 28 Actinida spp. genetic resources, the bud break period was reported from late March to early April, while the full blooming commenced during mid-May to late May. The harvest date varied from October 20th to November 15th, which was longer than the full bloom date. The kiwifruit weight ranged from 61.3 g to 143.2 g, while 'Kuimi' kiwifruit had the highest average fruit weight (143.2 g). The soluble solids content of ripened kiwifruit 30 days after harvest was highest in 'Hongyang' (16.8 degrees Brix) kiwifruit. The highest vitamin C content (165.9 mg/100 g FW) was recorded from Lushanxiang' kiwifruit. Among the quantitative traits, the fruit weight showed the highest variation in kiwifruit external traits. Among the internal traits of kiwifruit, the coefficient of variation was higher in vitamin C content followed by quinic acid content and titratable acidity. As a result of correlations among the quantitative traits, the kiwifruit weight showed a higher correlation with the fruit diameter than fruit length. The soluble solids content was negatively correlated with kiwifruit weight, but it was not significant. From the principal component analysis, 11 quantitative traits were compressed into 5 components. Based on the 5 components, 28 kiwifruit germplasms were divided into 4 clusters. The results of this study elucidate the characteristics of kiwifruit genetic resources and can be used as a database for selecting cross combination in kiwifruit breeding programs.