창의적 과학문제 해결에서 초등학교 과학영재아와 보통아의 뇌파 활성 차이

Abstract

This study researched the differences in EEG frequency bands' activities between science gifted and average children in elementary school. A fast Fourier transform was performed on 30 seconds of data to derive a spectral power average in the theta, alpha, beta, and gamma bands. EEGs of science gifted and average children during two phases -relaxation with eyes open and creative scientific problem solving- were recorded. In the relaxation with eyes open, science gifted children showed higher relative EEG beta or gamma power in the temporal region (T3, T4) and lower relative EEG theta power than average children. During the solving of creative science problem, science gifted children showed lower relative EEG theta power in all loci (Fp1, Fp2, T3, T4), higher relative EEG alpha power in the prefrontal lobe (Fp1, Fp2), higher relative EEG beta power in the left hemisphere (Fp1, T3). Hemispheric dominance was not shown in all groups during the relaxation with eyes open and creative scientific problem solving, but science gifted children showed higher relative EEG gamma power in the right prefrontal lobe than that of left one. Science gifted children showed the increase of relative EEG theta power only in the right temporal lobe (T4), but average children showed the increase of relative EEG theta power in all loci by creative science problem solving compared with relaxation with eyes open. And the changed ratio of relative EEG theta power was higher in the average children than in the science gifted children. The results suggest there is a difference between science gifted and average children in the activated brain regions and the theta rhythm's activation in the creative science problem solving.