개인의 위험성향과 창업의도 간 관계에 대한 메타분석: 국내 연구의 구성개념별 효과 비교와 이질성 탐색

초록

Entrepreneurship is a vital source of national economic development, and academically, research on the antecedent factors influencing entrepreneurial intention has been ongoing. This study conducted a meta-analysis of domestic research on entrepreneurial intention to examine the associations between risk-related individual characteristics, sample characteristics, entrepreneurship education experience, and entrepreneurial intention. Specifically, the first sub-analysis decomposed risk-related variables and compared their correlations with entrepreneurial intention, while the second sub-analysis examined the correlations of sample characteristics and entrepreneurship education experience with entrepreneurial intention. To this end, we also explored the relationship between entrepreneurial intention and three risk-related constructs after aligning them along a single risk-taking dimension. Specifically, a systematic search and selection of domestic literature published from 2010 to 2026 resulted in the inclusion of 20 studies; since some of these studies reported multiple independent effect sizes, a total of 25 effect sizes were used in the analysis. Effect sizes were standardized to Fisher’s z by extracting or converting the correlation coefficients reported in each study, and a random-effects model was applied to account for heterogeneity across studies. The results of the analysis revealed the following. First, there was a clear positive correlation between risk-taking propensity and entrepreneurial intention. Second, while a negative correlation was observed between fear of failure and entrepreneurial intention, the correlation between risk aversion and entrepreneurial intention was not statistically significant. Third, in an exploratory analysis, different risk-related constructs were aligned along a common risk-taking dimension by reversing the signs of effect sizes where necessary. The results showed that, on average, risk-taking was positively associated with entrepreneurial intention. Finally, in subgroup analyses based on sample type (university students vs. the general public) and prior experience with entrepreneurship education, the positive relationship between risk-taking propensity and entrepreneurial intention was generally maintained. Across the analyses, substantial heterogeneity was observed, suggesting that the relationships may vary depending on contextual factors. Furthermore, while this study confirmed the average association between individual risk propensity and entrepreneurial intention, it also provides a foundation for practical and policy discussions through exploratory analyses that considered sample characteristics and entrepreneurship education status.

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