Comparison of Operation Time, Vital Signs, Bleeding Tendency, and Recovery Time Based on Anesthesia Methods in Patients Undergoing Hip Fracture Surgery

Abstract

Purpose This study aimed to compare operation time, vital signs, bleeding tendency, and recovery time according to anesthesia methods in hip surgery patients. Design This is a retrospective descriptive study. Methods A total of 187 patients were included, with 83 receiving general anesthesia (GA) and 104 receiving spinal anesthesia (SA). Data were collected from electronic medical records of patients aged greater than or equal to 65 years who underwent hip surgery at a single tertiary hospital from March 2023 to February 2024. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS 27.0 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY), employing descriptive statistics, χ2 tests, and independent t tests. Findings Significant differences were observed between the two groups with regard to the American Society of Anesthesiologists classification, with 66.3% (55 patients) of the GA group classified as American Society of Anesthesiologists III or higher, compared to 51% (53 patients) in the SA group (t = 4.43, P = .038). There were also significant differences in operation time (t = 2.89, P = .004), postoperative diastolic blood pressure (t = 2.23, P = .027), fluid volume (t = 4.05, P ' .001), blood transfusion status (χ2 = 5.13, P = .036), transfusion volume (t = 2.80, P = .007), estimated blood loss (t = 7.85, P = .008), bleeding volume (t = 2.27, P = .030), D-dimer (t = −3.09, P = .005), and recovery time (t = −2.10, P = .037) between anesthesia groups. GA patients showed higher average operation time, postoperative diastolic blood pressure, fluid volume, presence of bleeding, bleeding volume, need for transfusion, and transfusion volume. Conversely, SA patients had longer recovery times and higher D-dimer level. Conclusion This comparative analysis of patient outcomes based on anesthesia methods in hip surgery provides valuable guidelines for anesthesia care and recovery to perianesthesia nurses in Korea. © 2025 The American Society of PeriAnesthesia Nurses.