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司法人工智能应用定位的审视与重塑Review and reshaping of the application positioning of judicial artificial intelligence

Other Titles
Review and reshaping of the application positioning of judicial artificial intelligence
Authors
쉬쨔샹박상식
Issue Date
Apr-2025
Publisher
법학연구소
Keywords
Smart Justice; Judicial Artificial Intelligence; Human-Computer Collaboration; Sentencing Standardization; Fair Adjudication; 智慧司法; 司法人工智能; 人机协同; 量刑规范化; 裁判公正
Citation
Journal of International Business Transactions Law, no.49, pp 135 - 161
Pages
27
Indexed
KCI
Journal Title
Journal of International Business Transactions Law
Number
49
Start Page
135
End Page
161
URI
https://scholarworks.gnu.ac.kr/handle/sw.gnu/78278
DOI
10.31839/ibt.2025.04.49.135
ISSN
2982-5903
Abstract
中国的司法人工智能已经在证据审查、事实认定、辅助量刑等方面展开广泛应用,并取得可观成效。但由于人工智能存在决策逻辑上的不足和风险,因而被限定为法官的辅助者。司法人工智能的辅助者定位在当下虽然具有相对合理性,但这一定位建立在人性裁判本质论、技术限制论和裁判逻辑决定论等偏误理解之上,同时也无法有效实现减轻法官诉累、量刑规范化、防范非法裁判的实践应用目的。相较之下,人机协同定位建构了一种层次化、动态化的应用格局,强调法官与人工智能之间是分工关系,而非主辅关系,更加适宜诠释和指导司法人工智能的应用发展。基于适度的技术预测,人机协同定位具象为简案中人工智能定罪量刑与法官言词审理、普通案件中人工智能量刑规范指引与法官裁量、审判过程中法官指挥与人工智能实质监督。人机协同定位促进传统的诉讼原则发展、反映技术控制主义中技术与人相匹配的观点、符合实用主义哲学对经验的认识,因而具有坚实的正当性基础。在人机协同定位指引下,未来刑事司法制度将会呈现人工智能决策权重攀升与法官疑难判断能力不断提高的司法格局演变,并迎来权利保障制度与审判责任机制的更新。
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