Anti-inflammatory effects of extract from <i>Haliotis discus hannai</i> fermented with <i>Cordyceps militaris</i> mycelia in RAW264.7 macrophages through TRIF-dependent signaling pathway

Abstract

In this study, Haliotis discus hannai (H. discus hannai) fermentation was attempted with Cordyceps milltaris (C. militaris) mycelia using a solid culture. We tried to ferment H. discus hannai to determine the optimal conditions fermentation with regards to its anti-inflammatory effects. The extracts of H. discus hannai fermented with C militaris mycelia (HFCM-5) showed higher nitric oxide inhibitory effects than H. discus hannai and C militaris alone. HFCM-5 also decreased pro-inflammatory cytokines, TNF-alpha and IL-6 in a dose-dependent manner. HFCM-5 did not affect the MyD88-dependent pathway, but decreased phosphorylation of IRF3 and STAT1 which are involved in TRIF-dependent pathway. Taken together, our results suggest that HFCM-5 exerts its anti-inflammatory effects via TRIF signaling pathway and could potentially be used as a functional food in the regulation of inflammation. (c) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.