Nanotechnology‐Based Additive Manufacturing: Product Design, Properties and Applications

Abstract

Simple and expeditious determination of concentrations of different species in various samples has attracted considerable attention in recent years. Hence, numerous investigations have emphasized on the construction and fabrication of new sensors and biosensors. Nevertheless, the limitations associated with sensor geometry confined the scope of the presently employed sensing methods. The additive manufacturing technique has emerged as a substitute for the design and development of inexpensive, high-performing sensors exhibiting desired geometries. By utilizing this approach, sensors have been constructed by stacking layers of materials following digitally designed three-dimensional (3D) models. While additive manufacturing has been widely employed in the sensor fabrication as well as in the design of sensing devices, the current work focuses on using this technique in the construction of electrodes. An overview of the processes and technologies involved in additive manufacturing as well as various techniques employed in the design and development of electrochemical and biochemical sensors are provided herein. Printing methodologies, material selection, and applications of additive manufacturing in analyte sensing are discussed. © 2023 Wiley-VCH GmbH, Boschstr. 12, 69469 Weinheim, Germany.