Neuroprotective Effects of Nicotinamide against MPTP-Induced Parkinson's Disease in Mice: Impact on Oxidative Stress, Neuroinflammation, Nrf2/HO-1 and TLR4 Signaling Pathwaysopen access
- Authors
- Rehman, Inayat Ur; Khan, Amjad; Ahmad, Riaz; Choe, Kyonghwan; Park, Hyun Young; Lee, Hyeon Jin; Atiq, Abubakar; Park, Jungsung; Hahm, Jong Ryeal; Kim, Myeong Ok
- Issue Date
- Nov-2022
- Publisher
- MDPI
- Keywords
- nicotinamide (NAM); 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1; 2; 3; 6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP); intraperitoneal (i; p); substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc)
- Citation
- BIOMEDICINES, v.10, no.11
- Indexed
- SCIE
SCOPUS
- Journal Title
- BIOMEDICINES
- Volume
- 10
- Number
- 11
- URI
- https://scholarworks.gnu.ac.kr/handle/sw.gnu/29707
- DOI
- 10.3390/biomedicines10112929
- ISSN
- 2227-9059
- Abstract
- Nicotinamide (NAM) is the amide form of niacin and an important precursor of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD), which is needed for energy metabolism and cellular functions. Additionally, it has shown neuroprotective properties in several neurodegenerative diseases. Herein, we sought to investigate the potential protective mechanisms of NAM in an intraperitoneal (i.p) 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced Parkinson's disease (PD) mouse model (wild-type mice (C57BL/6N), eight weeks old, average body weight 25-30 g). The study had four groups (n = 10 per group): control, MPTP (30 mg/kg i.p. for 5 days), MPTP treated with NAM (500 mg/kg, i.p for 10 days) and control treated with NAM. Our study showed that MPTP increased the expression of alpha-synuclein 2.5-fold, decreased tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) 0.5-fold and dopamine transporters (DAT) levels up to 0.5-fold in the striatum and substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc), and impaired motor function. However, NAM treatment significantly reversed these PD-like pathologies. Furthermore, NAM treatment reduced oxidative stress by increasing the expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) between 0.5- and 1.0-fold. Lastly, NAM treatment regulated neuroinflammation by reducing Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR-4), phosphorylated nuclear factor-kappa B, tumor (p-NF kappa B), and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) levels by 0.5- to 2-fold in the PD mouse brain. Overall, these findings suggest that NAM exhibits neuroprotective properties and may be an effective therapeutic agent for PD.
- Files in This Item
- There are no files associated with this item.
- Appears in
Collections - College of Medicine > Department of Medicine > Journal Articles
![qrcode](https://api.qrserver.com/v1/create-qr-code/?size=55x55&data=https://scholarworks.gnu.ac.kr/handle/sw.gnu/29707)
Items in ScholarWorks are protected by copyright, with all rights reserved, unless otherwise indicated.