일본 카구라(神樂)의 문화적 배경

Abstract

This study was related to the investigation of Kagura's, which was folk art in Japan, formation background. Kagura was Japan's folk art for a long time and it was influenced by the surroundings' many cultural effects during pass down. Because of these reasons cultural background was important to make regulation of Kagura. This was to prove the identity of Kagura. The reasons for choosing Kagura, which is folk art in Japan, were as follows: First, Kagura was folk religious rituals in Japan by itself and it had a esthetic values as performing art. Japanese seek the origin of all kinds of rituals, traditional performing and dramatic dance from Kagura. The general sense of Kagura was to indicate the entire yearly performing art and it was a part of matsuri, which was each regional festival in Japan. Each region's sinsa set up the seat of kami during the events and then they prayed for their gods and they did a memorial service for repose of soul, purification and calamity in front of their gods. At this time, the ceremony of strengthening human's life force and pray for rebirth were called Kagura. Second, Kagura, which is folk art in Japan, was the basis of Japan's traditional art such as Kabuki, No and Kougen. Kagura became a base of Japanese musok sinang and it contained gamu baekhui of China and Korea and Sarugaku, which was influenced by mountains, and it was a source of Japan's art and it also had effect on today's Kabuki, No and Kougen. In Japan, more than 3000 Kagura were exists yet. Therefore, Kagura was the basis of Japan's folk religious and art. A folklorist, Chu Won Su, said that "for asking Kagura's origin was the same as asking the origin of Japan's traditional culture". That is, the study of Kagurs's origin and nature was the same as study of origin and nature in Japan's traditional culture. Therefore, an investigator's work for studying of Kagura's formation background will be approach closely to the question of what is the Kagura and this study should be form a part of identify Japan's traditional culture.