Identification and characterization of phytochemicals from peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) pods

Abstract

Methanol extracts of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) pods were chromatographed, which yielded 3 phytochemicals 1-3 including 5,7-dihydroxychromone (1), eriodictyol (2), and 3',4',5,7-tetrahydroxyflavone (3). To confirm the presence of isolated phytochemicals, the pods extracts were performed by high performance liquid chromatography coupled with a photodiode an ay detector (HPLC-PDA) and a mass spectrometric detector (MSD) with electrospray ionization (ESI). Optimum extraction conditions for phytochemical contents using peanut germplasm were obtained by employing 90% MeOH for 12 fir at room temperature and phytochemicals 1-3 showed significant differences with concentrations of 407.56 +/- 23.35, 52.92 +/- 5.11, and 2,024.34 +/- 134.18 mu g/g, respectively. Under this optimal conditions, the contents of phytochemicals 1-3 in peanut pods of 3 Korea cultivars including 'Jakwang', 'Daekwang', and 'Palkwang' exhibited phytochemical 3 was the highest range of 1,338.01-5,162.93 mu g/g, followed by phytochemical 1 (590.13-1,382.10 mu g/g), and phytochemical 2 (25.12-186.85 mu g/g), respectively. Moreover, 'Jakwang' exhibited the highest contents of phytochemical (1: 1,362.10 +/- 52.49, 2: 186.85 +/- 17.69, and 3148.64 mu g/g, respectively), whereas the lowest contents was found in the 'Daekwang' (1: 590.13 +/- 22.23, 2: 3: 5,162.0 25.12 +/- 12.45, and 3: 1,338.01 +/- 62.17 mu g/g, respectively). These results suggest that the methanol extracts of peanut pods may possess health related benefits to humans owing to carious known biological activities of phytochemicals 1-3.