Melatonin attenuates D-galactose-induced memory impairment, neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration via RAGE/NF-B-K/JNK signaling pathway in aging mouse model
- Authors
- Ali, Tahir; Badshah, Haroon; Kim, Tae Hyun; Kim, Myeong Ok
- Issue Date
- Jan-2015
- Publisher
- WILEY
- Keywords
- D-galactose; melatonin; memory impairment; neurodegeneration; neuroinflammation; reactive oxygen species
- Citation
- JOURNAL OF PINEAL RESEARCH, v.58, no.1, pp.71 - 85
- Indexed
- SCIE
SCOPUS
- Journal Title
- JOURNAL OF PINEAL RESEARCH
- Volume
- 58
- Number
- 1
- Start Page
- 71
- End Page
- 85
- URI
- https://scholarworks.bwise.kr/gnu/handle/sw.gnu/17513
- DOI
- 10.1111/jpi.12194
- ISSN
- 0742-3098
- Abstract
- Melatonin acts as a pleiotropic agent in various age-related neurodegenerative diseases. In this study, we examined the underlying neuroprotective mechanism of melatonin against D-galactose-induced memory and synaptic dysfunction, elevated reactive oxygen species (ROS), neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. D-galactose was administered (100mg/kg intraperitoneally (i.p.)) for 60days. After 30days of D-galactose administration, vehicle (same volume) or melatonin (10mg/kg, i.p.) was administered for 30days. Our behavioral (Morris water maze and Y-maze test) results revealed that chronic melatonin treatment alleviated D-galactose-induced memory impairment. Additionally, melatonin treatment reversed D-galactose-induced synaptic disorder via increasing the level of memory-related pre-and postsynaptic protein markers. We also determined that melatonin enhances memory function in the D-galactose-treated mice possibly via reduction of elevated ROS and receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE). Furthermore, Western blot and morphological results showed that melatonin treatment significantly reduced D-galactose-induced neuroinflammation through inhibition of microgliosis (Iba-1) and astrocytosis (GFAP), and downregulating other inflammatory mediators such as p-IKK, p-NF-(K)B65, COX2, NOS2, IL-1, and TNF. Moreover, melatonin lowered the oxidative stress kinase p-JNK which suppressed various apoptotic markers, that is, cytochrome C, caspase-9, caspase-3 and PARP-1, and prevent neurodegeneration. Hence, melatonin attenuated the D-galactose-induced memory impairment, neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration possibly through RAGE/NF-B-K/JNK pathway. Taken together, our data suggest that melatonin could be a promising, safe and endogenous compatible antioxidant candidate for age-related neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD).
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