Influence of Mineral Salts on Shoot Growth and Metabolite Biosynthesis in Tea Tree (Camellia sinensis L.)

Abstract

Effects of mineral salts (N, P, K, Ca2+, Mg2+, and Fe3+) on the shoot growth and metabolite production of tea tree were studied using in vitro culture techniques. Among mineral salts, H2PO4- was the most important for enhanced growth rate of tea tree, while Mg2+ and Ca2+ did not affect plant growth. Removal of NH4+ and NO3 from the culture medium enhanced shoot multiplication compared to other treatments. Metabolite production was variable depending on mineral types and concentration. Removal of Ca2+ decreased the production of caffeine; however, other treatments did not influence its production. Ca2+, NH4+ and Fe3+ were important factors for catechin production in tea tree. These results can be used as the basis for development of technical soil controls suitable for tea tree cultivation in the future.