Fatty Acid Profiles of Ten Muscles from High and Low Marbled (Quality Grade 1(++) and 2) Hanwoo Steers

Abstract

The aim of this research was to evaluate: 1) the fatty acid profile of ten muscles from high marbled (HM, quality grade 1(++)) and low marbled (LM, quality grade 2) Hanwoo carcass, 2) the relationship between the fatty acid profile and sensory traits. There were significant (p<0.001) differences in fat content and fatty acid composition among the 10 muscles obtained from HM and LM Hanwoo steers. The proportions of SFA (saturated fatty acid), MUFA (monounsaturated fatty acid) and PUFA (polyunsaturated fatty acid) were significantly (p<0.001) different among the 10 muscles due to differences in all fatty acids except eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, C20:5n-3). The high-fat muscles had a lower n-6/n-3 ratio compared to the low-fat muscles (p<0.001). LM muscles had a significantly (p<0.05) higher proportion of SFA than HM muscles due to a higher proportion of stearic acid (C18:0). On the contrary, HM muscles had a significantly (p<0.01) higher proportion of MUFA than LM muscles due to higher oleic acid (C18:1n-9) proportion. SFA had a significant correlation with CIE a* (r=0.281; p<0.01) and drip loss (%) (r=-0.233;p<0.001). Cooking loss (%) had a significantly (p<0.05) negative correlation with PUFA (r=-0.233;p<0.05). Overall palatability was positively correlated with SFA (r=0.262;p<0.01), but negatively correlated with PUFA (r=-0.567;p<0.001). There was no significant correlation between oleic acid and any of the sensory traits (p>0.05).