그리스의 사랑 ‘페데라스티아’(παιδεραστία) -H. Patzer와 M. Foucault의 비교-

Abstract

The main focus of this paper is on homosexuality among men, especially the ‘love of boys’ that appears in ancient thinkers and writers’ records, such as Plato and Aristotle and Herodotus and Xenophon etc. The so-called ‘love of boys’ is a translation of the ancient Greek word παιδεραστία. Many ancient sources explored its social aspects in ancient Greece. The most widespread and socially significant form of close same-sex sexual relations in ancient Greece was between adult men and adolescent boys, known as παιδεραστία. It is Harald Patzer and Michelle Foucault who gave this issue of interest to modern times and also provided an opportunity to generate interest in the academic field. The main purpose of this article is to look at the views and methodologies of how both two scholars recognize παι δεραστία and how they deal with it in their Die griechische Knabenliebe and Historie de la Sexualité. More over, this paper will be focused on the comparison of two views of German classicist Harald Patzer and French philosopher Michelle Foucault. Harald Patzer and Michelle Foucault also explain the pros and cons. Patzer's comparative study of different races has led to massive data sources for further studies. Foucault’s ‘innovative’ study provided a new opportunity to see the problem from the other perspective, compared with traditional view-points. Foucault, influenced by the theory of Nietzsche's concept of power, had a new perspective on the relationship between sex and power. Unlike the traditional ‘suppression hypothesis’, he emphasized the aspect of the 'production hypothesis' that power produces discourse on sexuality more and more. But Foucault's methodology, like the case of Patzer’s anthropological comparison and philological analysis, has also shown its limits in several ways. So, these shortcomings can be promoted by the study of H. Patzer and the process of complementing each other. In this sense, it's not a bad idea for the study of παιδεραστία as follows like that. Harald Patzer's view of historical-cultural phenomenon is expected to serve as a more empirically settling 'history of innovation' that was newly proposed by M. Foucault.