스마트 소방 기술의 특허 융합 구조와 네트워크 특성 분석: 토픽 모델링과 CPC 공출현 네트워크를 중심으로

초록

Climate change and increasing urban density have intensified the complexity of disaster scenarios, exposing the limitations of manpower-centered firefighting systems across the entire process from detection to response. This study aims to quantitatively identify the structural characteristics and convergence patterns of smart firefighting technologies in Korea—enabled by Fourth Industrial Revolution technologies—using patent data. To this end, we analyzed 2,269 related patents filed in KIPRIS between 2014 and 2023 by applying LDA-based topic modeling and a CPC co-occurrence network analysis. The results yielded ten core technology topics, including Smart Evacuation Guidance and Biometric and Environmental Sensor Networks, and showed that some topics function as hubs mediating connections among technologies. However, the overall network exhibited a structural bias in which connectivity was concentrated in data/service (G06Q) and detection/alarm (G08B) technology groups, whereas AI control (G06N) and field-execution equipment (A62C) remained at the periphery. Based on these findings, this study suggests strategic directions toward more balanced R&D investment and a transition to an intelligent, integrated linkage architecture. Finally, this study presents patent-based empirical evidence on the structural features of Korea’s smart firefighting technology ecosystem and presents practical implications for strengthening convergence between data-centric technologies and field-execution technologies.

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