자율무기(AWs)를 위한 윤리적 판단 알고리즘

초록

This study reframes the ethical judgment of autonomous weapons (AWs) not as a matter of technical efficiency, but as an issue concerning human life, dignity, responsibility, compliance with international humanitarian law, and moral and ethics education. Because autonomous weapons can apply force on their own after activation based on environmental information and generalized target conditions, they may challenge traditional structures of responsibility in the ethics of war and military ethics. Accordingly, this study reviews theories of prohibition, regulation, and meaningful human control, and then uses a six-stage value hierarchy as a qualitative standard for ethical judgment, linking it to moral judgment scores. Based on this framework, the study proposes a Red Code/Blue Code dual-threshold model. If the judgment score is -90 or below and the conditions for actions that must not be taken are met, the case is classified as a Red Code. If the score is 90 or above and the required protective duties are satisfied, it is classified as a Blue Code. The absence of a Red Code alone is not sufficient; a transition to a limited human-review procedure is allowed only when a Blue Code is combined with meaningful human control. This study emphasizes not how technology should be used, but the domains of judgment that humans must not relinquish.

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