《史記》 ‘交友’ 담론에 대한 개념 은유 연구

초록

This study analyzes the narratives related to jiaoyou (friendship or social association) in the Shiji (Records of the Grand Historian) from the perspectives of pragmatics and cognitive semantics, aiming to clarify how the concept of human relationships in ancient China was formed and understood through metaphorical structures. Applying the theory of conceptual metaphor to selected cases—such as Guan Zhong and Bao Shu, Su Qin and Bai Gui, Lord Xinling and Hou Ying, and Yu Rang—the study explores how jiaoyou extends semantically into diverse domains including “capital,” “foundation,” “management,” “currency,” “exchange,” “space,” “ascent,” “discovery,” “contract,” “mirror,” “judge,” “insurance,” “safety net,” “salvation,” and “balance.” The analysis reveals that jiaoyou is conceptualized across six cognitive domains—[person], [object], [action], [space], [time], and [quality]—each operating along the axes of perception, capital, practice, structure, balance, and attribute. These metaphorical frameworks are further realized as the formation of social capital, the execution of political practice, the spatial grounding of relationships, and the temporal balance of life. Ultimately, the findings demonstrate that the Shiji’s depictions of human relationships constitute not merely moral narratives but a cognitively and linguistically modeled system representing the relational structures of ancient Chinese society.

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