나노입자 첨가를 통한 고투과성 역삼투 중공사막의 제조 및 특성평가

초록

In this study, we seek to overcome the limitations of low water permeability in conventional reverse osmosis (RO) membranes by integrating nanoparticles into the interfacial polymerization process, thereby improving their overall performance. Optimal conditions for forming a polyamide selective layer on the outer surface of polysulfone hollow fiber membranes via interfacial polymerization were established by investigating the effects of aqueous and organic solution circulation cycles and nitrogen purging duration. Subsequently, thin-film nanocomposite (TFN) membranes were fabricated by incorporating ZnO, SiO2, ZrO2, and GO nanoparticles into the trimesoyl chloride organic solution at concentrations ranging from 0.03 to 0.07 w/v%. Among the membranes, those with a nanoparticle concentration of 0.05 w/v% exhibited optimal performance, with a stable ridge-and-valley structure on the surface. Notably, TFN membranes incorporating SiO2 nanoparticles at 0.05 w/v% demonstrated the lowest water contact angle and provided efficient water transport pathways within the selective layer, even at relatively high concentrations. This resulted in a maximum water permeability of 8.4 LMH/bar, a NaCl rejection rate of 82.4%, and an MgSO4 rejection rate of 96.6%

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