한 · 중 근대 여성교육의 전개: 기독교의 영향을 중심으로

초록

This study examined how women's education developed in modern Korea and China, especially how the influence of Western religions, mainly Christianity, played a role in the introduction, content, spread, and social change of women's education. Korea and China started with the fact that they shared distinct traditional limitations of feudal view of women and the idea of women's presence and defense based on similar Confucian culture. As China faced a social crisis after the Opium War and the invasion of Western powers, the need for modern education emerged, and in this process, women's education was discussed in earnest in terms of equal opportunities for education. These changes were materialized through the establishment of a missionary girls' school. Similarly, Korea laid the foundation for women's education along with the establishment of schools, hospitals, and churches based on the beliefs of religious philanthropy, universal equality, human rights and freedom through the entry of missionaries. As a result, in Korea, women's educational institutions such as Ewha Girls' School(梨花學堂) and Chungshin Girls' School(貞信女學堂) were established to contribute to the promotion of women's rights and social participation. In China, women's education began with the activities of several Western missionary organizations such as the United Kingdom and the United States, and mission schools at all levels became the basis for social advancement. There is also a difference in the religious influence of women's education in Korea and China. In Korea, women's education emphasized enlightenment, economic practicality, and harmony with tradition under the specificity of a colony, while in China, it was closely combined with revolution and nationalism and developed as a part of social participation and national revival. Western religion, especially Christianity, served as a catalyst for women's education in modern Korea and China and played an important role in driving the change of women's status and social status, and the expansion of educational opportunities, which provided a historical foundation for enhancing the social status and subjectivity of women in both countries today.

키워드