고등학교 1학년 시기 스마트폰 사용 유형에 따른 잠재집단 분류와 영향요인 및 학업성취도의 차이

초록

This study aimed to identify latent profiles of smartphone use among first-year high school students using latent profile analysis(LPA) and to examine the roles of individual and relational factors associated with profile membership, as well as differences in academic achievement across the identified profiles. The sample consisted of 2,607 first-year high school students from the seventh wave of the Korean Children and Youth Panel Survey 2018(KCYPS 2018; Grade 4 cohort). The results revealed five distinct smartphone use profiles: the Low-Level Use Group, Relationship-Oriented Use Group, High-Frequency Use Group, Relationship-Oriented Multifunctional Use Group, and Non-Academic High-Frequency Use Group. Gender, life satisfaction, depression, teacher relationships, peer relationships, parental autonomy support, and parental coercion were significantly associated with profile membership. Significant differences in academic achievement were also found across the profiles. The Low-Level Use Group showed the highest level of academic achievement, followed by the Relationship-Oriented Multifunctional Use Group and the High-Frequency Use Group. These findings suggest that smartphone use among first-year high school students can be understood not merely in terms of usage level or dependency, but as heterogeneous patterns characterized by combinations of usage purposes. This study contributes to the literature by classifying smartphone use based on patterns of combined usage purposes rather than usage level or dependency and by providing a comprehensive understanding of smartphone use profiles within individual and relational contexts and their associations with academic outcomes.

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