지구온난화 극복을 위한 미래 에너지 수소와 연료전지차 현황과 미래 비전

초록

This study reviewed the technical principles of fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEVs),hydrogen production methods, global deployment status, and performance comparisons with batteryelectric vehicles (BEVs) and hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs). The transportation sector contributesapproximately 21.6% of global CO2 emissions, highlighting the importance of environmentally friendlyvehicle technologies in combating climate change. FCEVs offer advantages over BEVs and HEVs inlong-distance driving and rapid refueling. When powered by hydrogen produced from renewable energy,FCEVs can achieve near-zero operational greenhouse gas emissions. Fuel cells also provide highefficiency, durability, and low maintenance, making them suitable for large-scale logistics, publictransport, aviation, and maritime applications. However, barriers such as fossil fuel-based hydrogenproduction, limited refueling infrastructure, high initial costs, and safety concerns hinder widespreadadoption. To enable large-scale deployment, green hydrogen production must be commercialized,refueling infrastructure expanded, fuel cell performance improved, and supportive policies implemented. With these measures, FCEVs, together with BEVs, can play a pivotal role in advancing sustainabletransportation and reducing the environmental impact of the global transport sector.

키워드