제주해녀 공동체의 지속가능성 고찰: 사회적 자본의 관점에서

초록

This paper is to examine the sustainability of the Jeju haenyeo community in terms of trust, network, and norms, which are key elements of social capital. The Jeju haenyeo community has formed strong trust and solidarity through cooperative work methods and maternal succession based on the shared resource of the sea, and has effectively performed resource management and knowledge transfer through closed networks. However, the decline in productivity and the crisis of labor force reproduction are threatening the sustainability of communities by weakening the function of social capital. The main research findings are as follows. First, trust is an important factor in strengthening the solidarity of the community, but the lack of trust between generations and conflict with new haenyeo were identified as problems. Second, it turned out that networks are advantageous in maintaining internal solidarity, but the closedness of networks restricts the connection with the outside. Third, traditional norms supported the fair distribution and sustainability of resources, but their effectiveness is decreasing due to conflicts with modern demands. It was found that the sustainability of the Jeju haenyeo community requires strengthening inter-generational interactions to build trust, expanding the openness of networks, and restructuring norms that harmonize traditional and modern demands.

키워드