Metal–Organic Framework-Based Functional Textiles for Protection Against Chemical Warfare Agents and Simulants

초록

Chemical warfare agents continue to demand protective materials that can both capture and detoxify toxic compounds. Metal– organic frameworks (MOFs), especially Zr-based UiO-66-NH2, MOF-808, and NU-1000, are promising catalysts because of their tunable structures, hydrolytic stability, and accessible Lewis-acidic sites. Emerging porphyrinic, zeolitic imidazolate, and redox-active Fe- or Cu-based MOFs further enable photocatalytic oxidation, adsorption/barrier functions, and redox- mediated detoxification. This review summarizes recent progress in MOF-integrated protective textiles, focusing on fabrication strategies including layer-by-layer assembly, electrospinning, dip/spray coating, roll-to-roll processing, and green synthesis. Catalytic performance under operationally relevant conditions is discussed, including studies using nerve and blister agents or simulants, photothermal enhancement, and dual-MOF systems. Remaining challenges in mechanical durability, washability, breathability, and scalable manufacturing are critically assessed. Finally, structure–fabrication–performance relationships and practical design principles are outlined to bridge laboratory demonstrations and deployable next-generation MOF-based protective textiles with improved safety, reusability, and field applicability under realistic operational and environmental conditions.

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