글로벌 가치사슬에서 한국의 재정립: 무역 상대국으로서 베트남의 부상

초록

This study employs the OECD’s Inter-Country Input-Output Tables and Trade in Value Added data to thoroughly examine trade relations between Korea and the United States, China, Japan, and Vietnam from 1995 to 2020. This study investigates the shares of exports and imports between Korea and its trading partners and the degree of each partner’s dependence on Korea, and analyzes the economic spillover effects on Korea driven by the final demand of its trading partners through production multipliers and value-added multipliers. The results indicate that the influence of traditional trading partners, including the United States and Japan, has been diminishing, while China’s dependence on Korea has also shown a declining trend. Although the United States and China still account for the largest absolute shares of Korea’s trade, Vietnam has demonstrated a growing dependence on Korea and generates the greatest spillover effects on the Korean economy, highlighting its rapid rise as a major trading partner. The significance of this study lies in its inclusion of Vietnam, an emerging partner, in the analysis, its comparison of Vietnam with other trading partners, and its in-depth discussion of Korea’s role within the global value chain.

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