타지키스탄에서의 문자 교체 문제와 언어 상황 연구

초록

I have looked at the language situation in Tajikistan along with the problem of Alphabet change. Tajikistan, which has the only Persian Tajik language, culture, and tradition in Central Asia, has a different language situation from the other four countries in the Central Asia and Azerbaijan in the Caucasus. Additionally, it is the farthest from central government (Moscow) during the Soviet period, has the smallest influx of Russians and other Russian-speaking people to migrate, the most backward economic conditions, including industry, and is politically unstable due to the early civil war. The language situation in Tajikistan was affected by this as well. Tajiks used Persian-Arabic alphabet (abjad) with five countries in the Turkic group before switching to the Latin-based ‘Yanalif’ in the early days of the Soviet Union, but they had the same thing as changing to the Cyrillic alphabet about 10 years later. Azerbaijan, Uzbekistan, and Turkmenistan switched to Latin alphabet in the early period of independence, but Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan have not changed their alphabet. However, Turkey and these five countries agreed to establish a Common Turkic Alphabet in September 2024 to unify the Turkic language group, which further plans cultural integration and information sharing led by Turkey and aims to grow into another force through so-called Pan-Turkism. However, Tajikistan, which has a different language and literature tradition and belongs to the Persian language group, cannot and has no intention of agreeing. Tajikistan seeks to convert Persian-Arab alphabet with Iran’s support, but it still maintains the use of Cyrillic-based Tajik alphabet as it sees the international status of Iran and Afghanistan shrink. As the least Russianized republic during the Soviet period, the Constitution stipulates the status of Russian as a language of the the inter-ethnic communication., but the State Language Law removed it and maintained the alphabet, but while conducting Arabic alphabet education in the school, Persian-Arabic Alphabet switch is sometimes discussed. Due to the large number of labor migrations to Russia because of the underdeveloped economy, the Russian language’s utility remains. Finally, Russia’s Special Military Operation, which began in February 2022 and continues to decline Russia’s international status, Israel and the United States’ airstrikes on Iran in June 2025, and Iran’s de facto defeat will be a major challenge in preserving or replacing Tajikistan’s language policy and Alphabet between Russia and Iran.

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