기업의 혁신역량과 인구통계학적 요소가 지역 소득성장에 미치는 영향

초록

This study aims to identify the key factors for corporate-led innovation-driven growth proposed in the local-led economic growth model. To this end, data from 2010 to 2020 on cities and counties in North Gyeongsang Province, along with information on local firms, were analyzed. To control for endogeneity among key decision-making factors, the study employed the Arellano–Bond System Generalized Method of Moments (System GMM), which combines difference and level equations using moment conditions, producing the following results. First, regarding the impact of corporate innovation characteristics on per capita regional income growth, the results show that corporate R&D investment scale, innovation capacity (total number of patents held), and current innovation performance (number of patent applications in the current year) have a positive (+) effect on regional income growth. Second, a convergence phenomenon was observed, in which regions with initially higher growth rates tend to slow down, while those with lower growth rates tend to catch up. Third, in terms of demographic regional conditions, variables such as the population growth rate at the end of the previous year, total population size, and the growth rate of kindergarten enrollment had a statistically significant positive (+) effect on per capita income in regions with or without venture certification. The results confirmed that technological innovation capacity—measured by R&D investment scale, total patents held, and the number of current patent applications—has a significant positive (+) impact on per capita regional income growth. This study empirically demonstrates the importance of corporate growth capacity and effort, as well as the demographic foundation of the region that serves as the growth environment, in regional growth and development. Furthermore, it demonstrates that a catch-up growth model for relatively underdeveloped regions can significantly contribute to overall regional development, based on per capita income levels and regional growth rates. These findings offer practical implications for balanced regional growth and overall national development models.

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