13~14세기, 성취를 위해 국경을 넘은 고려인들

초록

In this paper, the instances of Goryeo people who went to the Mongol empire for individual advancement in the 13th and 14th centuries are largely divided into three categories. The honor of passing Je-gwa was also recognized in Goryeo, and successful candidates returned to Goryeo with high official posts and an increased social status. The monks of Goryeo continued pilgrimages to Yuan for more advanced Buddhist training as before, and in addition, they were invited by the emperor or went to Yuan in the interest of their temples. They continued to work in Yuan with the support of the emperor and imperial family. There were monks who returned to Goryeo and based on their activities in Yuan, played a more important role than previously. Finally, amid the expanded international trade network with the advent of the Mongol Empire, merchants in Goryeo pursued profits through trade throughout the year, traveling between Goryeo and Yuan. “Nogeoldae[老乞大]”, a textbook for learning Chinese made for those who wanted to learn Chinese for various needs at the time, records the processes and results of the achievements of the merchants of Goryeo. Relations with the Mongol empire imposed political restrictions on Goryeo, but also provided new opportunities for many people of Goryeo, including the king of Goryeo. Many people of Goryeo resisted political restrictions or pressures derived from relations with the Mongol empire, but through relations with the Mongol empire, they recognized the wider world, developed dreams, and achieved their own achievements, and their dreams and achievements were encouraged and applauded by contemporary people of Goryeo. The stories of the people of Goryeo are expected to contribute to the view of the relationship between Goryeo and the Mongol empire, which had been maintained for more than 100 years, beyond the dichotomous perspective.