공통 도덕과 도덕 행위자 논의: 생명의료윤리의 원칙들 8판을 중심으로

초록

This paper aims to elucidate the identity of the moral agent of common morality as presented in the 8th edition of Principles of Biomedical Ethics(PBE) (2019). To this end, it begins by dissecting the key formulation used by Beauchamp and Childress to define this agent—“all persons committed to morality”—into its three constituent elements: ‘morality,’ ‘committed to,’ and ‘all persons.’ The paper conducts an in-depth analysis of the meanings and implications of each element, employing an analogical review of Alan Donagan’s theory of common morality to clarify their complex nature further. Subsequently, the paper argues that this analyzed definition of the agent, while foundational, lacks the specificity required to designate who these agents are in the concrete domain of biomedical ethics. The main purpose of this paper is, therefore, to reconstruct the specific stature and functions of the agent of common morality within the theoretical framework of PBE’s four principles: the principle of respect for autonomy, the principle of nonmaleficence, the principle of beneficence, and the principle of justice.

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