어선어업 해양사고의 구조적 원인에 관한 분석

초록

This study aims to identify the structural causes of marine accidents involving coastal fishing vessels in South Korea using long-term data. Although the number of fishing vessels has continuously declined, major casualty accidents—such as capsizing and sinking—have increased. Unlike previous studies focused mainly on human error, this study adopts a multidimensional approach incorporating structural and environmental factors. Using 20 years of accident statistics and vessel counts (2005–2024), trend and correlation analyses were conducted, and regression analysis was performed using Quality Control Level (QCL) indicators that quantify cluster patterns among accident types. Results show that despite fewer vessels, total marine accidents increased significantly, with capsizing and collision accidents showing strong correlations. QCL-1 exhibited a significant negative association with accident occurrence, indicating that enhanced preventive quality-management practices reduce accident risks. QCL-2 showed a positive relationship with accidents, reflecting conditions requiring stronger post-accident response and recovery capacities. These findings suggest that fishing-vessel accidents stem from structural vulnerabilities in prevention and response systems rather than single-factor explanations. By applying QCL indicators to reveal structural accident patterns, this study provides academic and policy implications supporting a prevention-oriented, quality-management-based safety governance framework.

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