조선시대 양산(梁山) 가야진(伽倻津)의 문화사

초록

Gayajin(伽倻津), located in Wondong-myeon, Yangsan-si, Gyeongsangnam-do, was a ferry crossing during the Joseon Dynasty. Due to the association with its name, it has drawn attention as a site originating from the period of the Samhan(三韓). As a symbolic site of the Nakdong River and a place designated for the state sacrificial rite known as the jungsa(中祀), the Gayajin Yongshinje(伽倻津龍神祭) continues to be performed today, preserving the legacy of past ceremonies. Since the Goryeo Dynasty, Gayajin functioned as a symbol of Yangsan, and during the Joseon Dynasty it was designated as one of the Seven Great Waterways(七瀆), thereby enhancing its status. This study examines the location and geographical characteristics of Gayajin, investigates its historical establishment as a ritual site and the related literary works, and explores travel records and scenic representations that emerged in this context. Through this analysis, the study argues that the regional significance of Gayajin was not limited solely to its ritual function. Since the Goryeo Dynasty, Gayajin served as an important ferry in Yangsan and later gained widespread recognition as an alternative name for the Nakdong River itself. Its role as a site of the Middle Sacrifice, combined with various symbolic elements, enabled it to occupy a significant position along the Nakdong River waterway. During the reign of King Sejong, an event involving the appearance of a dragon led to the perception of Gayajin as a sacred and spiritually efficacious place. Until the late Joseon period, ritual officials were dispatched to conduct ceremonies, and their literary works vividly describe the performance of these rites. Meanwhile, as boat excursions along the Nakdong River became popular, Gayajin also emerged as a celebrated scenic site. Literati who visited Gayajin composed poems praising its landscape and toured nearby Gamnosa(甘露寺), while folk traditions concerning its origins circulated among local communities. These accounts reveal the cultural history of Gayajin as a place where sacredness and scenic beauty were harmoniously intertwined.

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