항공기 날개 상부 조립 공정의 구멍 변형 방지를 위한 평행핀 삽입 공구 개발 및 실험적 검증

초록

Dowel pins are used in aircraft assembly to ensure precise alignment between structural components. In the Airbus A320/A321 wing top skin assembly process, excessive insertion force under misalignment conditions can cause a plastic deformation around the hole edge. This study investigates the relationship between misalignment and insertion force and proposes a force-controlled insertion tool to prevent defect formation. Insertion tests were performed using AL7449 skin and AL7055 butt strap specimens under various misalignment conditions. Results showed that insertion forces ranged from 637.3 N to 2056.6 N without defect formation. However, when the misalignment exceeded 0.102 mm, the insertion force increased sharply to 6469.5 N, resulting in hole deformation on both the skin and butt strap components. To prevent excessive loading, a torque-controlled dowel pin insertion tool was developed. The tool limits the applied torque to 4.52 Nm and the corresponding insertion force to less than 1543 N. The controlled force remained below the critical level associated with defect occurrence. The results demonstrate that deformations are primarily caused by excessive insertion force induced by severe misalignment. The proposed insertion tool effectively prevents defect formation and improves assembly quality in aircraft wing structures.

키워드