직접일자리사업 참여자의 지역 간 이동에 미치는 요인 분석

초록

This study analyzes interregional migration patterns among participants in South Korea’s Direct Job Creation Programs since 2020 and identifies key determinants shaping these movements. The findings yield three principal insights. First, population flows exhibit characteristics of distance decay, underscoring the need for policies that strengthen economic interconnectedness across regions to foster more balanced national development.Second, beyond their immediate employment effects, the programs contribute to population redistribution, as evidenced by increased net job inflows into non-metropolitan areas following program participation. Third, although the majority of participants tend to remain and seek employment within the regions where the programs are implemented, interregional migration is more likely among male participants, individuals employed by large enterprises or firms located in metropolitan areas, and those experiencing relatively greater income gains. These results indicate that job creation policies should be strategically differentiated based on participant profiles and regional contexts. Overall, the study highlights that direct job creation programs exert structural influences that extend beyond short-term labor market outcomes, shaping patterns of regional migration and settlement. Accordingly, there is a pressing need for nuanced employment strategies and real income–enhancing policies to support sustainable regional retention and development.

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