한국 논의 공익적 기능 강화와 지속가능한 관리 방안에 관한 한일 비교 연구

초록

This review examines the growing interest in the public functions of agriculture and farmland amid climate change and food security challenges, focusing on paddy fields in Korea and Japan. Drawing on previous studies and government reports, the study summarizes the key functions of paddy ecosystems—including water resource circulation and flood mitigation, soil conservation, biodiversity maintenance, landscape formation, and cultural and social values—and compares the institutionalization processes and societal perceptions in the two countries. Japan has incorporated multifunctionality into policy early, linking it to Satoyama landscapes, with terrace paddies and experiential/healing agriculture emphasizing biodiversity and hands-on engagement. In contrast, Korea secures public functions through the direct payment scheme, with strengths in scale- and institution-based support, including reservoir-linked flood mitigation, groundwater recharge, and rural community maintenance. The review also considers how global agricultural changes, such as rising food demand, ecosystem service preservation, and low-carbon agriculture transition, affect paddy field management. It provides multi-layered policy implications for enhancing Korea’s paddy public functions and sustainable management, including quantitative assessment of ecosystem services, region-specific management strategies, adoption of smart and low-carbon agricultural technologies, and utilization of landscape and healing agriculture, serving as a foundation for future research and policy design on agricultural public functions

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