Do People Want to Have eHMI on Their Cars? Factors Affecting the Adoption of eHMI in Autonomous Vehicles

초록

This study examines the adoption of external human-machine interfaces (eHMIs) in autonomous vehicles (AVs) using an extended Value-Based Adoption Model (VAM). By incorporating aesthetic and legal factors alongside traditional benefit and sacrifice constructs, the framework evaluates user acceptance. Survey data from 600 South Korean participants was analyzed using structural equation modeling (SEM). The findings indicated that perceived usefulness, safety, and enjoyment significantly enhance perceived value, whereas legal and aesthetic concerns diminish it. Trust and economic burden showed no significant effect on perceived value. Furthermore, demographic factors-including gender, vehicle ownership, technology readiness, and AV knowledge-significantly influenced adoption intentions. Practically, the results highlight the need for user-centric eHMI designs, clear legal frameworks, and targeted public education. Theoretically, this research broadens the VAM literature, offering valuable insights for regulators, designers, and automotive stakeholders to facilitate eHMI integration and improve transportation safety.

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