Cooperative and Distributed Interference Mitigation for Private 5G IoT in CBRS GAA Tier

초록

Emerging industrial and massive Internet of Things (IoT) applications increasingly rely on private 5G New Radio (NR) deployments operating in the 3.5 GHz Citizens Broadband Radio Service (CBRS) band. General Authorized Access (GAA) provides a low-cost spectrum opportunity for IoT-specific NR networks, but the absence of interference protection makes uplink reliability highly vulnerable to co-channel interference (CCI), especially in dense IoT deployments. Ensuring dependable IoT connectivity requires interference-aware channel pattern allocation coordinated by the Spectrum Access System (SAS) while accounting for IoT traffic characteristics and gateway constraints. This paper presents a game-theoretic optimization framework for channel pattern allocation for IoT NR small cells operating under the CBRS GAA tier. We first formulate CCI minimization as a binary quadratic program (BQP) and show its nonconvex and NP-hard nature. To address this complexity, we develop two complementary solutions: (i) a cooperative hedonic coalition formation algorithm that enables SAS-assisted clustering of IoT NR gateways, and (ii) a distributed potential game approach where IoT gateways autonomously select channel patterns using log-linear learning. Numerical evaluations under realistic IoT deployment and propagation models demonstrate significant gains in packet delivery ratio (PDR), reduced energy consumption of IoT devices through fewer retransmissions, and improved spectrum reliability compared to existing CBRS coexistence mechanisms. The proposed framework is shown to be robust under asymmetric interference conditions and achieves more equitable per-user reliability than existing coexistence mechanisms. The proposed approaches provide practical and scalable solutions for interference-aware private IoT NR networks in shared mid-band spectrum. © 2014 IEEE.

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