나무재, 바이오차 및 비드 첨가가 우분의 특성에 미치는 영향

초록

Livestock odor, driven largely by ammonia emitted from cattle manure, has become a growing source of complaints as residential areas expand toward farms. Wood ash and biochar are waste-derived materials with odor-adsorbing potential, but in powder form they generate dust and are difficult to recover after use, which limits their practical application. Forming these powders into alginate-based beads can overcome these limitations; however, the effects of such beads on cattle manure and their field applicability remain poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the effects of adding wood ash, biochar, and alginate-based beads containing wood ash and biochar to cattle manure over a specific period and assessed how these additives influenced the characteristics of the manure. The goal of the study was to demonstrate the environmental reuse of these waste resources while providing foundational data that can be used to address ongoing environmental challenges in the domestic livestock industry, such as odor-related complaints. Seven treatments—a control (manure only), two wood ash levels, two biochar levels, and two bead formulations—were applied to cattle manure and incubated for 15 days, with moisture content, pH, and ammonia emissions measured at 5-day intervals. The treatment groups exhibited decreasing moisture content over time compared with the control group. On day 15, the Bead 1 and Bead 2 treatment groups had the lowest moisture contents among all groups. No distinct pH variation patterns were observed, and all treatment groups maintained similar pH levels throughout the study. Ammonia emissions decreased gradually over time across all treatments. On day 15, ammonia emissions from the Bead 1 and Bead 2 groups were lower than those from the control group, whereas emissions from the other treatment groups were slightly higher than those from the control group. These findings indicate that the Bead 1 and Bead 2 groups are highly promising materials that could be used to promote environmental sustainability by reusing waste resources, to improve livestock management practices. More broadly, converting waste residues such as wood ash and biochar into stable beads offers a practical route to valorize waste while mitigating livestock odor, supporting both a circular economy and more sustainable livestock production.

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