자활정책의 목표 변화와 자활사례관리의 실천적 전환 - 사례관리자 진술 텍스트마이닝 -

초록

This study examines how policy shifts in Korea’s Self-Sufficiency Program are perceived and enacted by case managers. Moving beyond benefit exit and employment, recent policies emphasize quality of life and recovery. Drawing on in-depth interviews with 15 case managers, text-mining techniques—PageRank, Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) topic modeling, and Bayesian Network analysis— were applied to analyze practice language, decision criteria, interventions, and evaluation perceptions. Findings highlight four points: (1) case management functions as a relational practice reconstructing participants’ lives through counseling, needs assessment, and planning; (2) practices rely heavily on individual discretion, exposing tensions between standardized manuals and contextual flexibility; (3) interventions vary with participants’ needs, supporting recovery, self-reliance, and reintegration; and (4) case managers themselves undergo reflection and growth, showing a bidirectional change process. Overall, self-sufficiency case management emerges as a recovery-oriented, integrative practice rather than a supplementary administrative tool. Policies should therefore link field-level insights with program design and evaluation to foster a reciprocal relationship between policy and practice.

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