문화유산 디지털 관리 체계를 위한 사진측량 기반 3 차원 모델 신뢰성 평가-관리 ·점검 활용을 위한 기하학적 신뢰성 검증을 중심으로-

초록

This study evaluates the reliability of UAV photogrammetry–based 3D models for the management of built cultural heritage exposed toincreasing hydro-meteorological hazards. Based on a reliability assessment framework integrating accuracy, precision, and consistency(repeatability and reproducibility), experiments were conducted at Daanseong Hyanggyo (Myungryundang Hall), Korea. Five photogrammetricmodels were generated using Pix4D Matic and analyzed in CloudCompare. Accuracy was assessed through vertical projection–based heightdifference (|ΔZ|) analysis using GNSS and total station reference data, while precision was evaluated using check-point residual RMSEs fromrepeated model reconstructions. Consistency was examined through Cloud-to-Cloud (C2C) distance analysis under varying acquisitionconditions. Results show stable vertical accuracy on ground surfaces (0.07–0.11m), while larger local errors occurred at roof edges and ridgeelements. Precision and consistency remained stable overall, with 86–95% of points within 0.20m, indicating high repeatability andreproducibility. Comparative analysis with LiDAR data also demonstrated high geometric agreement despite differences in acquisition methods. These findings suggest that UAV photogrammetry provides reliable 3D data for cultural heritage monitoring and change detection, althoughcareful interpretation is required for complex or occluded elements.

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