탈중앙화 금융(DeFi)의 익명성과 스마트 계약의 책임성

초록

Decentralized Finance (DeFi) refers to a form of finance based on blockchain technology that does not rely on central financial intermediaries such as brokers, exchanges, or banks, but instead utilizes smart contracts based on blockchain technology. DeFi operates around DApps (decentralized applications) that perform financial functions on blockchains. A smart contract is a computer program that contains various commands on a blockchain, and can be said to be a programming code that is written on a computer and automatically executed on a blockchain. A smart contract based on blockchain is automatically executed through codes that are pre-written and distributed on the blockchain, and is processed in a distributed manner on the blockchain. The contract conclusion procedure in a smart contract is completed by first carrying out the procedure of subscription and acceptance, which is the disclosure of the code and fulfillment of conditions in virtual space, and then the procedure of transferring benefits in real space. In DeFi, ‘anonymity’ means that personal privacy can be protected as a feature of a smart contract that is implemented through an electronic wallet. Anonymity has the advantage of avoiding government or bank regulations, but it also acts as a double-edged sword as there are concerns that it can be used for hiding slush funds or illegal transactions. The ‘responsibility’ of smart contracts is that since smart contracts are written in code, unexpected results can occur if bugs or vulnerabilities occur in the code, and users can suffer damage if the code is written incorrectly or hackers invade. In addition, smart contracts have a problem in that there is no way to correct errors before the contract is executed, making the responsible party ambiguous. This refers to the issue of who should be held responsible for the damage caused by DeFi. This study examined the various issues being discussed regarding the anonymity problem related to DeFi and the accountability of smart contracts, and presented solutions to them by deriving research results and examining the composition system of smart contracts.

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