In Situ Formation of N-Doped Mn3O4/Carbon Composites via Linoleic Acid-Assisted Solvothermal Synthesis for Enhanced Pseudocapacitance

초록

In this study, we report the synthesis of nitrogen-doped Mn3O4/amorphous carbon (N–Mn3O4/AC) composites via a one-step solvothermal method, employing linoleic acid (LA) and N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMAc) as dual-functional agents for carbon templating and nitrogen doping, respectively. The presence of high-valent manganese-oxo (Mn─O) moieties (terminal Mn4+═O), graphitic domains, and redox-active nitrogen functional groups in the carbon matrix and onto the Mn3O4 surface effectively enhanced the electrical conductivity and redox activity of the resulting composite. Electrochemical performance revealed that the N-doped Mn3O4/AC delivered a high specific capacitance of 293.3 F g−1 at a current density of 0.5 A g−1 in 1 M Na2SO4 electrolyte, while maintaining an excellent rate capability of 79% at 5 A g−1. Remarkably, this N-doped Mn3O4/AC electrode achieved 4.4 times higher capacitance than undoped Mn3O4. Moreover, the composite retained over 80% of its initial capacitance after 2000 charge–discharge cycles at 0.5 A g−1, underscoring its excellent long-term stability. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) revealed low charge transfer resistance and favorable ion diffusion kinetics. These findings establish N-doped Mn3O4/AC composites as a promising and scalable electrode material for high-performance supercapacitors and hybrid energy storage systems. © 2026 Wiley-VCH GmbH.

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