경상남도 서부지역의 농업용 지하수 수질 특성 연구

초록

This study evaluated the water quality suitability of 7,447 agricultural groundwater samples collected from 12 cities and counties in western Gyeongsangnam-do, Korea, from 2010 to 2021. Analyses covered 15 parameters specified by the Groundwater Act and the Environmental Pollution Process Test Standards, and the spatial distribution of non-compliant samples was assessed using GIS together with topography, land use, and soil maps. Of all samples, 174 (2.3%) exceeded the groundwater quality standards, with the principal exceedances involving NO 3 -N (35.1%), Cl⁻ (33.3%), As (11.5%), and phenol (10.9%). GIS results showed that NO 3 -N contamination was concentrated in greenhouse cultivation areas along the lower Nam River, likely reflecting excessive nitrogen fertilizer application, while Cl⁻ exceedances were more common near coastal and estuarine areas, suggesting seawater intrusion. In contrast, As, pH, Cd, and Pb showed no distinct spatial clustering, implying controls by geological characteristics. Occasional detection of phenol, CN, and TCE point to contamination associated with well drilling rather than continuous industrial discharge. These findings highlight the need for parameter-specific management strategies, along with institutional improvements such as expanding routine monitoring and rehabilitating abandoned wells, to ensure the sustainable use of agricultural groundwater.

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