일제강점기 김소월과 백석 시의 헤테로토피아 연구- 식민 공간의 ‘환상’과 ‘보상’의 미학을 중심으로

초록

This paper aims to elucidate the spatialization of colonial discourse in the poetry of Kim So-wol and Baek-Seok during the Japanese colonial period through Michel Foucault's concept of "heterotopia." Colonial Korea was a space where the modern disciplines of the ruling power were enforced, while at the same time, heterogeneous locations projected the desires and contradictions of the ruled were interwoven. As a “critical subject” of the 1920s, Kim So-wol sharpened the “heterotopia of fantasy” by confronting the fictitious nature of colonial modernity. The “grave,” “road,” and “tree-lined field” in his poetry function as sites of paradoxical resistance, evoking the tragic realities concealed by the dominant discourse. Meanwhile, Baek-Seok, from the 1930s onward, embodies a “heterotopia of compensation,” a “reminiscent subject” that compensates for the deficiencies of reality. He sought to restore the damaged archetype of life by recalling memories of primordial community and restoring solidarity with others in northern nomadic spaces like the “marketplace,” the “foreign room,” and “Manchuria.” The heterotopian aspect constructed in the poetic spaces of the two poets represents an alternative field, shaped by the colonial subject's response to contemporary reality. This is a space that refuses to be subsumed into the single narrative imposed by the imperial mental geography, and it can be said to be an existential response and aesthetic practice that attempts to reconstruct colonial discourse amid the tensions of deterritorialization and reterritorialization.

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