『주서분류(朱書分類)-대학(大學)』의 경전 해석 방법과 주자학(朱子學) 정론(定論) 규명

초록

This study analyzes Systematic Classification of Zhu’s Writings-The Great Learning (朱書分類-大學), compiled by Kang Ho-bo (姜浩溥, 1690-1778), to examine its Confucian hermeneutical features and scholarly significance. Kang Ho-bo inherited the intellectual lineage of the Yulgok school transmitted through Song Si-yeol (Uam) (尤庵 宋時烈), Kwon Sang-ha (Suam) (遂庵 權尙夏), and Han Won-jin (Namtang) (南塘 韓元震). Through his careful discernment (分辨) between Zhu Xi’s Early View (初年說) and Later View (晩年說), Kang sought to establish the Authoritative Conclusion (定論) of Zhu Xi’s mature thought. Two points summarize the hermeneutical characteristics of Systematic Classification of Zhu’s Writings-The Great Learning (朱書分類-大學). First, in terms of organizational system, Kang adopted the arrangement of Classified Conversations of Master Zhu (朱子語類) as a reference; however, he restructured the sections according to his own logical composition. He judiciously incorporated materials from the Complete Works of Zhu Xi (朱子大全) to clarify Zhu Xi’s Authoritative Conclusion (定論). Second, while adhering to the Yulgok school’s Neo-Confucian perspectives of Mind as Qi (心卽氣) and Nature as Li (性卽理), Kang actively embraced his teacher Han Won-jin’s treatise, Examination of Similarities and Differences in Zhu Xi’s Discourses (朱子言論同異攷), thereby achieving a precise understanding of the Commentary on the Great Learning (大學章句). Based on Systematic Classification of Zhu’s Writings-The Great Learning (朱書分類-大學), the scholarly significance of the broader Systematic Classification of Zhu’s Writings (朱書分類) may be assessed. It represents an outstanding work that inherited and further developed the Yulgok school’s intellectual concerns and achievements. Yi I (Yulgok) (栗谷 李珥) and Kim Jang-saeng (Sagye) (沙溪 金長生) examined whether the Supplementary Notes (小註) included in the Complete Annotations of the Four Books (四書大全) conformed to Zhu Xi’s Teachings (朱子說). Subsequently, Song Si-yeol (宋時烈) and Han Won-jin (韓元震) examined what constituted Zhu Xi’s Later View Authoritative Conclusion (晩年 定論). Thus, Kang Ho-bo’s Systematic Classification of Zhu’s Writings (朱書分類) advanced the Yulgok school’s scholarly tasks and achievements by engaging in a comprehensive inquiry aimed at resolving the contradictions inherent in Zhu Xi’s Neo-Confucianism (朱子學). Accordingly, Systematic Classification of Zhu’s Writings (朱書分類) may be evaluated as the scholarly achievement of Kang Ho-bo, who, throughout his life, sought to resolve the fissures and tensions within Zhu Xi’s thought by grounding his work in the self-corrective dialectic internal to Neo-Confucianism (朱子學).

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