‘생태형 스포츠’ 적용을 위한 국내외 야외교육 분석과 지향성 탐색

초록

The purpose of this study was to examine the current status of outdoor education both domestically and internationally at the point when "ecological sports" were newly introduced in the 2022 revised physical education curriculum, and to derive the tasks that school physical education in Korea must address. As a research method, this study employed an integrative review that critically analyzed academic literature, curriculum documents, and institutional materials on outdoor education both in Korea and abroad, and derived tasks accordingly. The results were as follows. First, outdoor education abroad has become institutionalized through various pathways, including incorporation within physical education subjects and organization as extracurricular experiential activities, with small-to-moderate positive effects on resilience, self-esteem, and social belonging repeatedly reported. However, recent meta-analyses and systematic reviews pointed to a high risk of bias and low certainty of evidence, and are reinterpreting the mechanisms of these effects shifting the emphasis from overcoming challenges toward relationship formation, time spent in nature, and authentic experience. Second, "ecological sports" had institutionally complete structure, forming an advanced sequence that extends from elementary school through the high school elective courses Physical Education 1 and Sport for Life 1. However, an analysis of research trends showed that the lineage of qualitative case studies dating back to the late 2000s was only now expanding into concept exploration and action research, remaining at an early stage with a notable lack of rigorously designed effectiveness studies. Teacher expertise and safety management were also identified as constraints on implementation. In the discussion, four shared orientations?regular repetition, voluntary challenge combined with reflection, connection to lifelong enjoyment, and the integration of environmental ethics with safety systems?were derived as comparative criteria. Based on these, the tasks facing outdoor education in Korea were presented as theoretical, empirical, and practical tasks, including implementation of living-environment-type activities suited to urban schools, systematization of safety management, and linkage with ecological transition education.

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