암과 섬유증에서 릴랙신 작용의 조절

초록

This review discusses the characteristics of the relaxin family peptide receptor 1 (RXFP1), including its structure, function, activation control, signaling pathways, and modulation of both expression and function. RXFP1 mediates the action of relaxin in regulating cancer and fibrosis. The relaxin/ RXFP1 signaling system plays important roles in both normal physiological function and pathological processes, such as cancer and fibrosis. Recent advances in identifying, characterizing, and demonstrating RXFP1 expression control have led to a better understanding of the cellular and molecular mechanisms by which relaxin plays a role in the diverse physiological functions of various tissues and pathological processes in cancer and fibrosis. Abnormal RXFP1 expression can change relaxin signaling and the responses of relaxin target cells. In particular, the reduced expression of RXFP1 in fibrotic lung and skin tissues contributes to insensitivity to relaxin treatments. RXFP1 activation is a complex, multistep process involving interactions between relaxin and different receptor domains. This process regulates specific downstream signaling pathways and biological effects, depending on the physiological function and pathological condition of different relaxin target tissues. The pro-cancer effects of relaxin can be modulated by inhibiting RXFP1 expression, and relaxin’s antifibrotic actions depend on normal RXFP1 expression. The antifibrotic function of the relaxin/RXFP1 signaling system can be regulated by controlling the expression of the RXFP1 mRNA and its alternative splicing transcript variants and by receptor dimerization, depending on the characteristics of the fibrotic tissues. Further studies on the molecular mechanisms by which RXFP1 mediates relaxin action in both normal physiology and pathological processes, such as cancer and fibrosis, will provide insights into developing therapeutic targets for the treatment of these diseases.

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