『譯語類解』를 통한 한중 근현대 어휘 변화 탐구

초록

This study undertakes an empirical examination of lexical change from the late premodern period to modernity by focusing on homographic, homophonous Sino-lexemes recorded in Yeogeo Yuhae. From 4,673 headwords, we extracted 180 items (3.85%) and cross-checked their inclusion and definitions against the Standard Korean Language Dictionary (SKLD), the Xiandai Hanyu Cidian (7th ed.; XHC), and the Hanyu Da Cidian (HDC), while tracing diachronic trajectories through historical texts, newspapers, and corpora. The analysis shows that in Korean, 23 items (12.8%) are absent from SKLD; in Chinese, 65 items (36.1%) are absent from XHC and 28 (15.6%) from HDC, revealing a clear quantitative disparity in dictionary coverage. When historical–cultural headwords are included, 31.7% of the Korean items and 46.1% of the Chinese items fall into categories of obsolescence or restricted usage. Observed change types include: (1) disappearance; (2) replacement; (3) semantic shift and differentiation; (4) phonological regularization in Korean readings; and (5) orthographic normalization. These findings indicate that socio-cultural forces—such as the dissolution of monarchic/status orders, industrialization, and media-ecological change—have continually reshaped the lexicons of Korean and Chinese, yielding both shared influences and divergent pathways within the East Asian Sinosphere.

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