ScholarWorks@경상국립대학교

초록

Uzbekistan and Turkmenistan have changed their alphabet in Central Asia, so Uzbekistan's Latin alphabet changing has not yet been successful, combining Latin and Cyril, but Turkmenistan admits that it has achieved a fairly successful Latin alphabet changing through the authoritarian and coercive political system that has continued since independence. In Uzbekistan, when Mirziyoev became the second president in 2016, a series of orders and laws were promulgated from 2020 to 2021, strengthening the policy of removing Cyrillic-based alphabet and Russian language. Finally, the timing of the Latin Latin alphabet changing was set to January 1, 2023. It has already been strengthened since the summer of 2022, and from October 2025, the president's own SNS (Telegram, Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, and YouTube) account was changed to Uzbek Latin alphabet. This is a political signal of the supreme leader of Uzbekistan, which can be seen as a signal that it is completely free from the Soviet traces and Russian influence not only in language but also in the alphabet. Turkmenistan, along with its independence in 1991, has deprived the status of the Russian language, excluded the use of the Russian language, ousted the Russians, and pursued a strong Turkmenization policy. One of its symbolic measures was the enactment of the New Turkmen Alphabet. The New Turkmen Alphabet, established in 1993, was a Latin-based alphabet that replaced the Cyrillic alphabet (i.e., Russian alphabet) that was forcibly introduced by the Soviet central government in 1940. Independent Turkmenistan is the most closed and has the strongest nationalist tendency among Eurasian new independent countries. This resulted in the expulsion of the Russians, who were the leading force during the Soviet period, and depriving them of the dominant use of Russian and the ability to communicate between peoples, thereby promoting the construction of a nation-state of Turkmenistan. On September 12, 2024, the question of how the two countries will accept the 34-letters, Single Turkic Alphabet enacted by members of the Turkic State Organization, including Turkiye, Azerbaijan, Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, and Kyrgyzstan. This Single Turkic Alphabet is intended to be a standard and basis for the world's Turkic-speaking peoples and countries to adopt its own character on the basis of it. Uzbekistan participated in the creation of the Single Turkic Alphabet as an official member, but Turkmenistan, which has observer status, did not. Although Uzbekistan will adopt the new character someday, confusion with the current Uzbek Latin character will be inevitable, and a neutral and closed Turkmenistan will not easily adopt the Single Turkic Alphabet. Although Turkiye will actively use the Single Turkic Alphabet as a means to replace Russia as the leader of the Turkic group state, it will certainly create another confusion and difficulty for the Turkic-speaking peoples of the post-Soviet space, including the two countries.

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