도행지(陶行知) 사상과 연결이론 — ‘지식’과 ‘행위’의 통합을 향하여

초록

This paper aims to establish a foundation for an integrated philosophy of practice by combining the thought of Tao Xingzhi(陶行知) with Humanistic Connectivity Theory, in order to overcome the deepening gap between ‘knowledge’ and ‘practice/action’ in the hyper-connected society. Modern society generates massive amounts of knowledge through ‘hyper’ connectivity, but the ability to translate this knowledge into ‘actions’ in real life is lagging behind. Tao Xingzhi consistently emphasized ‘life/living’ and ‘practice’ throughout his life, criticizing the state where knowing is separated from reality. This study integrates Tao Xingzhi’s philosophy of practice with Humanistic Connectivity Theory to interpret the interactions among humans, things, information, and the world in an integrated manner. This Humanistic Connectivity Theory takes traditional East Asian thought, such as the Buddhist Theory of Dependent Origination(緣起論) and the Daoist school’s Qi(氣) thought, as its philosophical foundation. Connectivity theory based on Tao Xingzhi’s thought presents a three-tiered connectivity structure: Epistemological Connectivity (Unity of Knowledge and Action/知行合一), Practical Connectivity (Xingzhi/行知), and Ontological Connectivity(Dependent Origination, Qi, Community). This structure forms a ‘self-renewing connectivity structure’ where knowledge and action circulate to generate new practices. Tao Xingzhi’s philosophy of ‘Life is Education’(生活卽敎育) is expanded into the concept of ‘Connectivity Education’. Connectivity Education adopts a non-linear circular model following the sequence of ‘Knowledge–Action–Community–Knowledge’, based on the principles of the circularity of knowledge, the relationality of learning, and the communality of practice. This Connectivity Education can be applied in the hyper-connected society through examples such as digital literacy education, AI ethics education, and ecological citizenship education. In conclusion, Tao Xingzhi’s Xingzhi(行知) philosophy serves as the archetype of ‘Active Humanities’, which can be the foundation of fundamental philosophy of practice for reconfiguring the relational view of humanity in the hyper-connected society and establishing a connective ethics that seeks meaningful connectivity beyond mere technological connection.

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