보광의 파장 피크 차이가 토마토의 수량 및 품질 향상에 미치는 영향

초록

During greenhouse cultivation of tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum L.) light is often insufficient during the winter, limiting their yield and quality. Maintaining an appropriate spectral composition is critical for successful greenhouse production. While Supplemental lighting can mitigate the limitations of natural sunlight, empirical evidence defining the optimal spectrum for combined use remains scarce. In the present study, we investigated the effects of three types of spectrally tuned supplemental lighting on tomato photosynthesis, yield, and fruit quality in a short-day greenhouse. Sixty days after transplanting, greenhouse tomatoes were exposed to light-emitting diodes (LEDs) at a photosynthetic photon flux density of 400 ± 25 µmol·m-2·s-1 (full-spectrum LEDs and specific full-spectrum LEDs [blue and green wavelengths]), with a white spectrum engineered with the peak wavelength in the blue region to match chlorophyll a absorption, while the control group was grown without supplemental lighting. Notably, the yield increased by an average of 26% in the supplemental lighting groups compared with that in the control group. Specifically, custom white light increased the total fruit yield by 58% compared with the control group. Supplemental lighting under a short-day photoperiod enhanced the photosynthetic rate of tomatoes and increased their Brix content by more than 5%. Lycopene content and ABTS radical scavenging activity were higher in the control group, and pH and titratable acidity showed contrasting trends. Overall, our findings suggest that shifting the peak wavelength of supplemental light to match that of the photosynthetic pigments drastically enhances tomato yield. However, yield maximization occurs at the expense of key phytochemicals, highlighting a crucial tradeoff in the optimization of greenhouse production systems.

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