연금추계모형을 이용한 공무원연금과 국민연금의 형평성 비교 연구

초록

Public pension systems must ensure equity across generations and social classes. In this context, this study compare the civil servant pension with the national pension systems using a pension projection model. The main empirical findings can be summarized as follows. First, while the absolute pension benefits were higher for the civil servant pension, the gap gradually decreased over time. Second, the combined benefit of the national pension and defined benefit (DB) retirement benefits was similar to that of the civil servant pension and severance pay. Third, from a benefit-to-contribution ratio perspective, the national pension was more advantageous than the civil servant pension, primarily due to differences in discount factors, such as the rate of benefit revaluation and civil servant salary increase rates. Fourth, the government’s 2023 national pension reform proposal, which includes an increase in the contribution rate to 13%, is expected to improve the pension fund's financial sustainability but widen intergenerational disparities. Fifth, the government's plan to increase insurance premiums differently across generations was expected to alleviate this disparity, although limited.

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